POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION: POLICY CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES

Abstract

This research paper examines the interrelationship between poverty and social exclusion, focusing on policy challenges and responses in contemporary societies. Poverty extends beyond income deprivation and often results in exclusion from social, economic, and political life. Social exclusion reinforces poverty by limiting access to opportunities, services, and rights. This study analyzes how structural inequalities, institutional barriers, and policy limitations contribute to persistent poverty and exclusion. A socio-policy framework is adopted to evaluate welfare, labor, and social protection policies. The paper highlights challenges such as targeting failures, implementation gaps, and governance constraints. Findings suggest that integrated and inclusive policy responses are essential for reducing exclusion. The study contributes to social policy and development discourse by proposing pathways for inclusive growth.